Viele Menschen glauben, eine Zahnschiene ist immer gleich. In Wirklichkeit können wir jedoch mit Zahnschienen viele unterschiedliche Themengebiete abdecken. So kann eine Zahnschiene den einzigen Zweck haben, die Zähne zu schützen. Dies ist bei Menschen, die mit den Zähnen pressen und knirschen, sehr sinnvoll. Würde man eine solche Schiene nicht rechtzeitig einsetzen, so würde es zu einem Zahnabrieb kommen, der mit den Jahren sehr erheblich sein kann. Zahnschienen können jedoch weitaus mehr leisten. So kann die richtige Zahnschiene, verlagerte Kiefergelenke wieder richtig positionieren. Wir können mit einer Alignerschiene deine Zähne gerade stellen, wenn diese gedreht und verschachtelt stehen. Es gibt spezielle Detoxschienen, die dich bei der Entgiftung unterstützen. Dann gibt es Schienen, die nach ihrem Entwickler oder Hersteller benannt werden. Weil diese vielen unterschiedlichen Begriffe leicht durcheinandergewürfelt werden, stellen wir hier die häufigsten und wichtigsten Schienenarten vor.
Diese Schienen sind die häufigsten:
- Beißschiene – gerne auch “Knirscherschiene” oder “einfache Nacht-Schiene” genannt. Eine solche Schiene hat den einzigen Sinn, deine Zähne vor Abrieb zu schützen. Wichtig: Sie sollte so fest sitzen, dass du sie nicht rausspuckst und so angenehm, dass du gut schlafen kannst. Sie sollte so stabil sein, dass du sie mindestens zwei Jahre lang tragen kannst. Wenn dies nicht der Fall ist, wird der Zahntechniker bei der nächsten Schiene eine festere und dickere Folie verwenden. Eine Knirscherschiene wird typischerweise in der Nacht getragen, weil wir da unkontrolliert mit den Zähnen knirschen. Selbstverständlich ist es nicht verboten, die Schiene auch während des Tages zu tragen. Ganz besonders, wenn du feststellst, dass deine Zähne fest angepresst sind, während du arbeitest oder sportelst, empfehlen wir die das Tragen der Schiene auch während dieser Zeit.. Für die Herstellung benötigt der Zahntechniker zwei Kieferabdrücke oder Scans. In einem einfachen Tiefzieh-Verfahren wird eine Folie über die Gipsmodelle gezogen und anschließend ausgearbeitet.
- Funktionsschiene – auch Positionierungsschiene genannt. Eine Funktionsschiene ist notwendig, wenn eine Funktionsstörung im Kausystem vorliegt. Wichtig: Um eine solche Schiene herstellen zu können, benötigen wir eine Kiefervermessung – auch Funktionsanalyse genannt. Eine solche Kiefervermessung können nur speziell ausgebildete Zahnärzte durchführen. Diese Praxen sind meist zusätzlich mit speziellen Geräten ausgestattet. Auch bei weitem können nicht alle Zahntechniker eine Funktionsschiene herstellen. Es bedarf einer speziellen Ausbildung. Eine Funktionsschiene wird in der Regel über 22 Stunden getragen. Das bedeutet: Sie wird nur zum Essen herausgenommen. Die Zeitdauer ist jedoch begrenzt – entweder bis die Beschwerden verschwinden oder bis die Funktionsstörung beseitigt ist. Dies kann einige Monate, aber auch Jahre dauern.
- Alignerschiene. Dies ist eine spezielle Schiene, mit deren Hilfe wir Zahnfehlstellungen korrigieren und beheben können. Für die Herstellung benötigen wir einen Kieferscan. Virtuell wird die neue Zahnstellung simuliert. Auf diese Weise erfährt der Patient im Vorfeld, was möglich ist und braucht keine Überraschungen erleben. Damit die Aligner Schiene ihre volle Wirkung entfachen kann, werden manchmal spezielle Retentionen auf die Zahnoberfläche geklebt. Diese werden am Ende der Regulierung spurenlos wieder beseitigt. Wichtig: Aligner Schienen müssen den ganzen Tag getragen werden. Lediglich zum Essen werden sie herausgenommen. Sollte eine Aligner Schiene einen Riss oder einen anderen Defekt haben, ist diese unverzüglich auszutauschen, um den Behandlungserfolg nicht zu gefährden. Die Zahnregulierung mit Alignern dauert 6 bis 15 Monate – je nachdem wie umfangreich die Regulierung ist.
- Retentionsschiene. Eine Retentionsschiene wird nach einer Zahnregulierung notwendig. Diese Zahnregulierung kann mit einer festen Zahnspange oder mit einer Aligner Schiene erfolgt sein. Am Ende benötigen die Zähne noch eine ganze Weile, um in der erreichten Position stabil zu bleiben. Diese Stabilität erreichen wir mit einer Retentionsschiene oder einem Retainer. (Das ist ein Draht, der von innen auf die Zahnflächen geklebt wird.) Wichtig: Es gibt eine Faustregel für die Dauer der Retentionsphase: Sie sollte mindestens so lange wie die Zahnregulierung dauern.
- Detoxschiene. Eine Detoxschiene wird in einer speziellen Kieferposition hergestellt, in der der Lymphabfluss aus dem Kopf-Hals-Bereich verbessert ist. Sie wird in der Nacht getragen. Wichtig: Optimalerweise unterstützt du die Detoxwirkung mit Begleitmaßnahmen wie: Matrix-Rhythmus-Therapie, Lymühdrainage, Akupunktur und speziellen Medikamenten, die die Entgiftung fördern. Wir verwenden gerne Chlorella-Spirulina und Triphala.
Schnarchschiene. Eine Schnarchschiene wirkt dann, wenn das Schnarchen aufgrund eines Zurücksinkens der Zunge und des Unterkiefers nach hinten erfolgt. Durch eine spezielle Positionierung der Schiene und das Zurückhalten der Zunge wird der Kiefer vorne gehalten.
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